2 Euro commemorative coins San Marino

San Marino

2 Euro

C o m m e m o r a t i v e C o i n s

San Marino
The edge lettering on the San Marinese 2‐Euro‐commemorative coins is :
Image	Country		Date	Feature	Ref.	Volume
🔎		San Marino	16 Dec. 2004	Bartolomeo Borghesi	20001 20002 20005	110,000	•
	Description : The coin motif shows the Italian historian and numismatist Bartolomeo Borghesi (1781‐1860) according to his monument in San Marino created by Giuseppe Romagnoli in 1904. In 1821 Borghesi moved his residence there and began publishing the Osservazioni numismatiche (numismatic observations) on coinage in the Roman Republic. In 1838 he was sent to Milan to represent the Republic of San Marino at the coronation of the Austrian Emperor Ferdinand I as King of Lombardo‐Venetia. On the right is the name of the issuing state "SAN MARINO", on the left "BARTOLOMEO BORGHESI", the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome and the initials "E.L.F." of the designer Ettore Lorenzo Frapiccini. The ring shows the twelve stars of Europe and the year of issue "2004" at the bottom.

🔎		San Marino	14 Oct. 2005	World Year of Physics 2005	20001 20002 20005	130,000	•
	Description : Galileo Galilei (1564‐1642) was an Italian polymath ‐ philosopher, mathematician, engineer, physicist, astronomer and cosmologist. He developed the method of exploring nature through a combination of experiments, measurements and mathematical analyses and thus became one of the most important founders of the modern exact natural sciences. Because he advocated the Copernican view of the world, the Catholic Church conducted an inquisition trial against him in 1632 and forced him to recant. The coinage is a free interpretation of the relief La fisica antica (Ancient Physics) or The Study of the Planets, created around 1335 by Andrea Pisano for Giotto's bell tower in Florence, and shows Galileo with his telescopes, built in 1609, 90 and 130 cm long respectively, with a scroll on his knees. In the background, a stylised atom is represented by six electrons and their circular orbits, which reach between the stars of Europe. The issue occasion "ANNO MONDIALE DELLA FISICA" (International Year of Physics) is written in a semicircle at the bottom, "SAN MARINO" at the top. The year "2005" appears under a globe standing on the table. The letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome is shown on the left, the initials "LDS" of the designer Luciana De Simoni on the right.

🔎		San Marino	17 Oct. 2006	500th anniversary of the death of Christopher Columbus	20001 20002 20005	120,000	•
	Description : Christopher Columbus (∼1451‐1506) was an Italian navigator in Castilian service who discovered America in 1492 when he reached an island in the Bahamas. Luciana De Simomi shows his portrait after a painting by Sebastiano del Piombo ‐ with his name and the year 1519 ‐ together with his three sailing ships Niña, Pinta and Santa Maria, with which he crossed the Atlantic. Below the inscription "SAN MARINO", a 16‐rayed sun is depicted at the top in the form of a compass rose, a graphic means of representing winds and wind directions or cardinal points. The dates "1506✧2006" appear on a scroll below, with the designer's initials "LDS" underneath. The letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome is placed to the left of the uppermost ship.

🔎		San Marino	09 Oct. 2007	200th birthday of Giuseppe Garibaldi	20001 20002 20005	130,000	•
	Description : Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807‐1882) was a fighter for the pre‐1870 Italian unification movement, the Risorgimento, and is today considered a national symbol of Italy. He took part in the Italian revolutions of 1848/49 and was leader of the revolutionary army in the short‐lived Roman Republic proclaimed on the 9th of February 1849. His campaigns made him a national hero. With his troops, he was initially able to hold off the French army intervening in favour of the fugitive Pope Pius IX, but was forced to flee after the capitulation of the Roman Republic on the 3rd of July 1849 and found temporary refuge in San Marino. His depiction follows a photo from 1866. On the left is the name "SAN MARINO" and the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome, on the right the year of issue "2007". The signet "E.L.F." of the designer Ettore Lorenzo Frapiccini can be seen on the left under the name of the issuing state.

🔎		San Marino	20 May 2008	European Year of Intercultural Dialogue	20001 20002 20005	130,000	•
	Description : The coin shows five standing human silhouettes in front of a globe segment representing the outlines of Europe, symbolising the different cultures represented in Europe from the five continents of America, Africa, Europe, Asia and Australia. In the foreground, four sacred scriptures of the different cultures are depicted in book form. The intercultural dialogue is intended to respect and promote cultural diversity in Europe, to improve coexistence and to promote active and cosmopolitan European citizenship based on common values. At the top the issuing country "SAN MARINO" and the year of issue "2008" are mentioned, below in a semicircle the occasion of issue "ANNO EUROPEO DEL DIALOGO INTERCULTURALE" (European Year of Intercultural Dialogue). On the right are the initials "E.L.F." of the designer Ettore Lorenzo Frapiccini and on the left the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome.

🔎		San Marino	05 Sep. 2009	European Year of Creativity and Innovation	20001 20002 20005	130,000	•
	Description : The coin, designed by Annalisa Masini, shows a book with the spiral of the medieval Italian mathematician Leonardo Fibonacci and some utensils typical of science and research: a compass, a test tube and a volumetric flask. On the left side are the three ostrich feathers symbolising San Marino. At the top is the issue occasion "CREATIVITÀ INNOVAZIONE" (creative innovation), on the right the year of issue "2009", below the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome and at the bottom the name of the issuing country "SAN MARINO" is depicted, below it the initials "A.M." of the designer.

🔎		San Marino	07 Sep. 2010	500th anniversary of the death of Sandro Botticelli	20001 20002 20005	130,000	•
	Description : The coin designed by Roberto Mauri pays tribute to the important Italian painter and draughtsman of the early Renaissance and Humanism, Sandro Botticelli (1445‐1510). Of outstanding importance is his portrait art, which had a lasting impact on the image of the Medici. His late work bears emotionally expressive traits with references back to the Gothic. Depicted is the Goddess of Grace ‐ a detail of the painting Primavera (Spring) created around 1482. This painting is one of the best known and most frequently reproduced works of Western art. Its theme is the awakening of nature, glided by flower‐bedecked, lightly veiled graces in a paradisiacal landscape. To the left of the name of the issuing state "SAN MARINO" is the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome, above the year of issue "2010" and to the right the initial "m" of the designer.

🔎		San Marino	04 Jun. 2011	500th birthday of Giorgio Vasari	20001 20002 20005	130,000	•
	Description : Giorgio Vasari (1511‐1574) was an architect, court painter to the Medici and biographer of Italian artists. He is considered one of the first art historians through his writings on the life and work of contemporary masters. Vasari introduced the concept of Gothic (he perceived medieval art as strange, barbaric, confused: Italian gotico), as well as that of the Renaissance (Italian rinascita). The coin design, based on his 1554 painting Judith Beheading Holofernes, is by Claudia Momoni. On the left is the name "G. VASARI", on the right the issuing country "SAN MARINO", and below the dates "1511" and "2011". The letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome can be seen on the top left, the designer's signet "C.M." on the right.

🔎		San Marino	19 Jun. 2012	10 years Euro‐Currency	20001 20002 20005	130,000	•
	Description : To mark the tenth anniversary of the final adoption of the euro as cash, all 17 EU countries using the euro as their official currency issued a commemorative € 2 coin. There were five designs submitted, which could be voted for online. The result was announed on the 30th of June 2011: the winning design was created by Helmut Andexlinger and shows a globe in the middle, overlaid with the euro symbol. The importance of the euro in Europe and the world as a whole coupled with the fact that it has become a global player in the international monetary system over the last ten years, is illustrated by the euro symbol. According to the designer, the symbolic elements around the stylised globe represent the suggestion that the euro offers more opportunities for businesses and markets which in turn ensures economic stability by encouraging investment in this environment. The factory shape symbolises production, the cargo ship trade, all of which benefit the symbolic family of four with three homes by providing more quality jobs and stable consumer prices. The symbol of the Eurotower in Frankfurt/M. represents financial strength and the two wind turbines shows stimulation in innovative investments that this environment presents, whose central element is the euro. At the bottom of the coin are the years "2002 and "2012". National characteristics : At the top of the coin is the name of the issuing country "SAN MARINO". On the right between the images of residential houses and family is the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome. This coin was not part of the official commemorative issue '10th anniversary of the Euro‐Currency', as San Marino is not part of the EU, it was issued with the same reverse side but as part of one of the two possible commemorative coins that year.

🔎		San Marino	13 Sep. 2013	500th anniversary of the death of Pinturicchio	20001 20002 20005	115,000	•
	Description : Bernardino di Betto di Biagio (∼1452‐1513), called Pinturicchio, was an Italian painter of the Renaissance. His graceful, colourful frescoes, richly ornamented, emphasise the decorative effect of painting. He was also involved in the painting of the Sistine Chapel in Rome from 1482. The commemorative coin for the 500th anniversary of his death shows a section of the fresco The 12‐year‐old Jesus among the Scribes from the Cappella Baglioni of the Church of Santa Maria Maggiore in Spello, painted in 1501. "PINTURICCHIO" and the dates "1513" and "2013" are depicted at the top, the name of the issuing county "SAN MARINO" at the bottom, the signet "MOMONI" by the designer Claudia Momoni above, and the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome on the left.

🔎		San Marino	23 Jun. 2014	500th anniversary of the death of Donato Bramante	20001 20002 20005	114,000	•
	Description : The commemorative coin designed by Maria Carmela Colaneri for the 500th anniversary of Donato Bramante's death names the master builder born in 1444 in Monte Astrualdo near Urbino, 25 km south of San Marino, as Donato di Pascuccio d'Antonio, who went by the surname Bramante, as Bramante Lazzari delle Penne from San Marino. He is regarded as the founder of High Renaissance architecture and designed the new St. Peter's Basilica, which was begun in 1506 and whose construction was continued by Raphael after his death in 1514. The motif of the commemorative coin is the Renaissance chapel Tempietto di Bramante in Montorio and a portrait of Bramante published in 1837, an etching by J. Pofleswhites after a picture by A. d'Estrels. The circular inscription reads "BRAMANTE LAZZARI DELLE PENNE DI SAN MARINO". Next to the motif are the year of his death "1514", the year of issue "2014", below the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome and on the left the initials "MCC" of the designer.

🔎		San Marino	29 Sep. 2014	90th anniversary of the death of Giacomo Puccini	20001 20002 20005	100,000	•
	Description : Giacomo Puccini (1858‐1924) was an Italian composer of the Verism period. The most famous of his twelve operas are Manon Lescaut, La Bohème, Tosca, Madama Butterfly. He made a glittering debut at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City in 1910 with the premiere of La fanciulla del West (The Girl from the Golden West)(with Arturo Toscanini conducting and Enrico Caruso singing). His opera Turandot remained unfinished. The coin, designed by Uliana Pernazza from a portrait photographed in 1900, shows the composer's name "G. PUCCINI" on the left, the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome, the year of issue "2014" at the bottom, the country of issue "SAN MARINO" on the right and the ligature "UP" of the designer's initials below.

🔎		San Marino	08 Apr. 2015	750th birthday of Dante Alighieri	20001 20002 20005	102,400	•
	Description : Dante Alighieri (1265‐1321) was an Italian poet and philosopher. With the Divine Comedy, written in Old Italian (or Tuscan) around 1307 to 1320, he overcame the Latin that had dominated until then and made Italian a literary language. He is considered one of the most famous authors of Italian literature as well as of the European Middle Ages. For the 750th anniversary of his birth, Annalisa Masini created the coin design after a painting by Sandro Botticelli from 1495. It shows the poet in profile, a laurel wreath on his head. A stylised spine with superimposed majuscules forming the name "DANTE", borrowed from one of the first editions of the Divina Commedia. The country of issue "SAN MARINO" can be seen in a semicircle on the right side, within the semicircle there is the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome, the dates "1265" and "2015" as well as the designer's signet "AM".

🔎		San Marino	29 Sep. 2015	25th anniversary of German Unity	20001 20002 20005	102,400	•
	Description : The coin motif, designed by Erik Spiekermann, shows the Brandenburg Gate, which was on East Berlin territory during the Cold War, in two representations interlocked like the fingers of two hands, symbolising the reunification of the two parts of Berlin. The gate was built between 1789 and 1793 to designs by Carl Gotthard Langhans, crowned by the quadriga by the sculptor Johann Gottfried Schadow, on which the goddess of victory Victoria brings peace to the city. At the top and on the right, respectively, the semi‐circular inscription in two lines reads "25° ANNIVERSARIO DELLA RIUNIFICAZIONE DELLA GERMANIA 1990‐2015" (25th Anniversary of the Reunification of Germany 1990‐2015) as the occasion of issue; at the bottom, "SAN MARINO MMXV" indicates the issuing country and the year 2015 in Roman numeral script. On the right the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome, on the left the designer's signet "ES".

🔎		San Marino	05 Apl. 2016	550th anniversary of the death of Donatello	20001 20002 20005	87,400	•
	Description : Donato di Niccolò di Betto Bardi (∼1386‐1466), called Donatello, was an Italian sculptor of the Florentine Renaissance. The coin, designed by Matt Bonaccorsi, shows the face of the bronze statue of David created around 1440 by the Italian sculptor of the Florentine Renaissance for Cosimo de' Medici. The latter is youthful, radiating harmonious grace and playful lightness, depicted wearing a laurel‐crowned hat and playfully placing his foot on the head of Goliath. It is the earliest free‐standing nude figure since antiquity, now in the Bargello Museum in Florence. On the right of the pill, from top to bottom, are the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome, "SAN MARINO", "DONATELLO", the dates "1466-2016" and the initials "MB" of the designer.

🔎		San Marino	22 Sep. 2016	400th anniversary of the death of William Shakespeare	20001 20002 20005	82,400	•
	Description : William Shakespeare (1564‐1616) was an English playwright, lyricist and actor whose comedies and tragedies are among the most important stage plays in world literature. He had an extensive vocabulary ‐ almost 18,000 different words are counted in his works. Characteristic of Shakespeare is his stylistic diversity, mastering all levels of language from the lowest gutter language to the highest court language. He is depicted after the portrait by Martin Droeshout published in 1623. On the left is the inscription "William Shakespeare" in a semicircle, on the right are the dates "1616‐2016" and the name of the issuing country "San Marino". On the bottom left is the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome, on the right the signet "MB" of the coin designer Matt Bonaccorsi.

🔎		San Marino	30 Mar. 2017	750th birthday of Giotto	20001 20002 20005	73,100	•
	Description : Giotto di Bondone (1267‐1337) was a Florentine painter and architect of the late Middle Ages whose work, captivating in its naturalness and spatiality, was groundbreaking for the Italian Renaissance (Rinascimento). The fresco cycle in the Cappella degli Scrovegni all' Arena in Padua, painted between 1304 and 1306, is considered his main work. As the leading master builder, he designed the bell tower of Florence Cathedral. The coin, designed by Luciana de Simoni, shows on the left side in vertical arrangement the dates "1267 ✵ 2017" and the name "GIOTTO" the Campanile di Giotto, the name of the issuing country "SAN MARINO". The right side of the pill is filled with a portrait of Giotto by Paolo Uccello (1397‐1475), now in the Louvre in Paris. At the bottom is the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome and on the right the designer's signet "LDS".

🔎		San Marino	31 Aug. 2017	International year of Sustainable Tourism	20001 20002 20005	73,100	•
	Description : The United Nations General Assembly declared 2017 the "International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development" because well‐designed and managed tourism can make a significant contribution to sustainable development. The Canadian designer Andrew Lewis, whose signet (right) represents an "A" in a circle, designed a stylised globe as a motif. In a semicircle, "TURISMO SOSTENIBILE" (sustainable tourism) is written at the top and "SAN MARINO 2017" at the bottom. The letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome is shown on the left, on the right the ligatured initials Uliana Pernazza (with the addition INC. = Incisore / Engraver) form the signet of the engraver.

🔎		San Marino	05 Apr. 2018	500th birthday of Jacopo Tintoretto	20001 20002 20005	63,100	•
	Description : Jacopo Robusti (1518‐1594), was a painter of the Italian Renaissance and a precursor of the Baroque with his unusual perspectives of space and light. His name Il Tintoretto ("the little dyer") is derived from his father's craft. The coin designed by Luciana De Simoni shows the main motif of his painting The Visitation of Mary, created in 1588 for the Venetian confraternity Scuola Grande di San Rocco, the encounter between the pregnant Mary and her relative Elisabet described in the Gospel according to Luke. Mary, crowned with roses at the hairline, bends towards Elisabet ‐ who, like her, has a halo ‐ surrounded on the left by the leaves of a laurel tree and on the lower right by the dwarf medlar. On the upper left is the country of issue "SAN MARINO" as well as the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome, below it the signet "LDS" of the coin designer. The dates "1518" and "2018" as well as the name "TINTORETTO" are depicted on the lower right.

🔎		San Marino	20 Sep. 2018	420th birthday of Gian Lorenzo Berninis	20001 20002 20005	63,100	•
	Description : Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598‐1680) was an Italian sculptor, painter and architect of the Neoclassical Baroque period. He had a decisive influence on the development of Baroque sculpture and architecture in Rome. He created the high altar ciborium over St Peter's tomb in St Peter's Basilica in 1624‐1633, the sculpture Rapture of St Theresa in 1645‐1652 and the colonnades in St Peter's Square in 1656‐1667. The coin shows the marble bust of Constanza Bonarelli (1614‐1662) created by Bernini around 1637, one of the most beautiful and important works of art of the Baroque period (now in the National Museum of Bargello in Florence). Constanza was the wife of his assistant Matteo Bonarelli and his mistress. Because she also began an affair with his brother Luigi Bernini, he beat him up out of jealousy in front of St. Peter's Basilica and had Constanza attacked in her house by his servant, who cut her face. She was sent to prison for adultery, but Gian Lorenzo Bernini was only fined ‐ after the intervention of Pope Urban VIII, who arranged for him to marry Caterina Tezio in 1639. Constanza, like Bernini later, was buried in the Roman basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore. Circular are the inscriptions "SAN MARINO" and "BERNINI", on the left are the dates "1598" and "2018", on the right the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome, below the initials "A.M." of the coin designer Annalisa Masini.

🔎		San Marino	04 Apr. 2019	500th anniversary of Leonardo da Vinci's death	20001 20002 20005	55,650	•
	Description : Leonardo da Vinci (1452‐1519) was an Italian painter, sculptor, architect, anatomist, mechanic, engineer and natural philosopher. He is considered one of the most famous polymaths of all time. He had no formal academic training, but insatiable curiosity and inventive imagination. According to art historian Helen Gardner, the scope and depth of his interests were without precedent in recorded history. The coin shows an angel painted by Leonardo (without the nimbus shown in the original), detail of the painting called Baptism of Christ from the workshop of Andrea del Verrocchio, created around 1475 and the first to be crucially coined by Leonardo. The work is in the Uffizi in Florence. The circular inscription reads "SAN MARINO" "1519 Leonado 2019". On the lower right is the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome and on the left the ligature "UP" of the initials of the coin designer Uliana Pernazza.

🔎		San Marino	29 Aug. 2019	550th anniversary of Filippo Lippi's death	20001 20002 20005	56,650	•
	Description : Filippo Lippi (∼1406‐1469) was an Italian painter of the early Renaissance. The coin shows a detail of his painting Madonna and Child with Two Angels, painted in 1465 and now in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence. Lippi was a monk for many years and met the Dominican novice Lucrezia Buti (1435) when she posed for him for a painting of the Virgin Mary. During a procession in honour of the Holy Belt in Prato, he kidnapped her and she bore him a son in 1457 and a daughter in 1465. She is also said to be depicted in the above painting. At the top is "SAN MARINO", below it "FILIPPO LIPPI", on the left his year of death "1469" and the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato* in Rome, at the bottom are the initials "M.A.C." of the mint designer Maria Angela Cassol and the year of issue "2019".

🔎		San Marino	05 Mar. 2020	500th anniversary of the death of Raffael	20002 20003 20005	56,500	•
	Description : Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (1483‐1520) was a painter of the Italian High Renaissance, active in Florence and at the papal court in Rome and ‐ after the death of Donato Bramante ‐ architect in charge of the construction of St Peter's Basilica in 1514. Raphael achieved fame above all as a painter for his harmonious and balanced compositions and lovely pictures of the Madonna. The motif of the coin is a detail of the fresco of the Madonna di Casa Santi created in Urbino in 1498, one of the very first works by the then fifteen‐year‐old Raphael. At the top right are the dates "1520" and "2020" as well as "SAN MARINO", at the bottom "RAFFAELLO", next to it the initials "A.M." of the coin designer Annalisa Masini and on the left the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome.

🔎		San Marino	27 Aug. 2020	250th anniversary of the death of Giovanni Battista Tiepolo	20002 20003 20005	56,500	•
	Description : Giovanni Battista Tiepolo (1696‐1770) was one of the most important Venetian painters of the late Baroque and Rococo periods, who particularly emphasised light and perspective. His work includes depictions of heroic epics, histories, opera scenes, festivals of the gods and also altars, where he enriched many of these paintings with putti and cupids. The coin designed by Claudia Momoni shows the moment when the angel sent by God saves Hagar and Ishmael, who are lost in the desert, by pointing them to a spring. The detail comes from the 1732 painting Hagar and Ishmael, one of Tiepolo's outstanding masterpieces, which is kept in the Scuola Grande di San Rocco, an important Venetian fraternity. It represents the counterpart of Tiepolo's Abraham and the Angels. On the lower right is "SAN MARINO", above "TIEPOLO". On the right, the dates "1770" and "2020" indicate his year of death and the year of issue. The letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome is shown above, the initials "C.M." of the designer on the left.

🔎		San Marino	01 Mar. 2021	450th bithday of Caravaggio	20002 20003 20005	56,400	•
	Description : Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (1571‐1610) was an important Italian painter of the early Baroque period. With his realistic pictorial design, he is regarded ‐ together with Annibale Carracci ‐ as the overcomer of Mannerism and the founder of Roman Baroque painting. He broke new ground primarily in the treatment of Christian themes by linking the sacred with the profane. His most important painting innovation was the chiaroscuro, painting, as a design element of the scenes. The coin designed by Silvia Petrassi on the occasion of his 450th birthday depicts Mary Magdalene, companion of Jesus and witness of the Resurrection, after the painting The Penitent Magdalene, created around 1595, today in the Palazzo Doria‐Pamphilj, Rome. Caravaggio's model is thought to be the courtesan Anna Bianchini, with whom he had a turbulent relationship. At the top is written in a semicircle "SAN MARINO ‐ CARAVAGGIO". On the top left the year of birth of the painter and the year of issue are indicated with "1571‐2021" and on the right the "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome. The initials "SP" of the designer appear on the left.

🔎		San Marino	27 Aug. 2021	550th anniversary of birth of Albrecht Dürer	20002 20003 20005	56,400	•
	Description : Albrecht Dürer (1471‐1528) was a German painter, graphic artist, mathematician and art theorist. With his paintings, drawings, copperplate engravings and woodcuts, he is one of the outstanding representatives of the Renaissance. The coin designed by Valerio de Seta shows Dürer's painting Mary with Child, created in 1526, today in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence. The pear held in Mary's left hand can be interpreted as a symbol of love because of its sweetness. Dürer's monogram, a large "A" with an underpinned "D", is depicted in the upper right. Dürer's year of birth and the year of issue are indicated below with "1471‐2021", on the right is "DÜRER" as the occasion of issue, on the left "SAN MARINO" and next to it the "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome. The designer's logo "VdS" is shown at the bottom right.

🔎		San Marino	28 Apr. 2022	530th anniversary of the death of Piero della Francesca	20003 20005	57,300	•
	Work in progress

🔎		San Marino	04 Oct. 2022	200th anniversary of the death of Antonio Canova	20003 20005	57,300	•
	Description : Antonio Canova (1757‐1822) was an Italian sculptor who became the most important representative of Italian Classicism. In 1770 he began a two‐year sculpture apprenticeship and then studied at the 'Accademia di belle arti di Venezia' (Venice Academy of Fine Arts). In 1775 Canova became an independent sculptor in Venice; from 1781 to 1797 he worked in Rome. His fame led to commissions from France, England, Russia, Austria and Holland. Between 1803 and 1809 he made sculptures for Napoleon and his family. Between 1796 and 1817 Canova created four versions of statues of Hebe, the Greek goddess of youth. They are now in the National Gallery in Berlin, the Hermitage in St Petersburg, Chatsworth House (Derbyshire, England) and the San Domenico Museum in Forli (Italy). The statue from Forli served as a motif for the coin designer Antonio Vecchio. The Hebe sculpture, made of marble and wearing a bronze headband like a necklace, holds a hydria, a pouring vessel, and a bronze goblet in her hands, handing nectar to the gods as cupbearer. The Hebe sculptures, which were initially heavily criticised because of Canova's decision to combine the marble with bronze details and, in the case of the first two works, to give the bare white marble a pink patina, are today among the top works of neoclassicism. On the left, "CANOVA" is written in the shape of an arch as the occasion of issue, in the centre "1822" is the year of the sculptor's death and "2022" is the year of issue. On the right, the country of issue "SAN MARINO" is indicated in the form of an arc, and to the left of it the "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome. The designer's signet "AV." is visible at the bottom left.

🔎		San Marino	27 Apr. 2023	500th anniversary of the death of Pietro Perugino	20003 20005 20009	56,000	•
	Description : Pietro Vannucci (∼1448‐1523), called 'Perugino' (from Perugia), was an Italian painter of the Renaissance. He was considered the most important master of the Umbrian School and was Raphael's teacher. His own teachers were probably Piero della Francesca and Andrea del Verrocchio, in whose workshop Leonardo da Vinci, among others, was trained. In 1481, he painted his most famous painting, "Christ Handing the Keys to St. Peter", one of the works from the wall fresco cycle in the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican, in which Italy's most celebrated painters of the time collaborated. The perspective depth stretching particularly impressed the people of the time. The "Madonna and Child, St Sebastian and St John the Baptist" from 1493 is an oil painting on panel ‐ commissioned for the chapel of the church of the monastery of San Domenico in Fiesole ‐ now in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence. The coin, designed by Maria Angela Cassol, shows the Virgin Mary with the Child Jesus as a detail of this painting. On the top left the occasion of issue "PERUGINO" is indicated in the form of an arc, to the right of it ‐ in two lines ‐ the year of the painter's death is shown as "1523" and the year of issue as "2023". On the right, "SAN MARINO" is written in the shape of an arc, on the left the "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome. The initials "MAC" of the designer appear at the bottom right.

🔎		San Marino	05 Sep. 2023	500th anniversary of the death of Luca Signorelli	20003 20005 20009	56,000	•
	Description : Luca Signorelli (∼1450‐1523), also called Luca da Cortona after his birthplace, was an Italian Renaissance painter and principal master of the Florentine School. As a pupil of Piero della Francesca in Arezzo, he learned especially perspective and nude painting, in which his detailed anatomical knowledge is visible. From 1482 to 1484 he executed a fresco on the story of the biblical Moses in the Sistine Chapel in Rome. Between 1499 and 1502 he painted, among others, the fresco cycles 'Apocalypse' and 'Last Judgement' in the Chapel of the Madonna di San Brizio in Orvieto Cathedral. The latter depicts the elect being called to heaven and the damned being led to hell. This work influenced Michelangelo's Last Judgment fresco in the Sistine Chapel. The coin motif, designed by Marta Bonifacio, shows an angel from the fresco "The Chosen in Paradise". At the bottom left is an arched "SIGNORELLI" as the occasion of issue and at the top "1523‐2023" as the year of the painter's death and the year of issue. On the left is the country of issue "SAN MARINO" and on the left the "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome. The designer's initials "MB" are visible at the bottom.

		San Marino	23 Apr. 2024	50th anniversary of the Declaration of Civil Rights and the Fundamental Priciples of the Legal System of San Marino	20003	56,000	•
	Work in progress

References :
20001	Images taken with authorisation by the ECB ‐ Mail dated 20.Feb.2020 © "European Central Bank"	20002	Data mirrored from Wikipedia Page "2_euro_commemorative_coins" with friendly support of the guardians of that page.
20003	Images taken with authorisation by H....... Hamburg	20004	Coloured version of this Commemorative Coin in circulation EU‐legal‐technical specifications do not recongnise colour prints. The EU nevertheless tolerates them, as their numbers are very small and they are sold in special packs and therefor are very unlikely to be used as currency.
20005	enlarged Images taken with authorisation by Gerd Seyffert © "Gerd Seyffert 2021"	20006	Not Applicable
20007	Images taken by Münzen Kreuzberg © "Münzen Kreuzberg 2021"	20008	enlarged Images taken by Münzen Kreuzberg © "Münzen Kreuzberg 2021"
20009	Text with kind permission by Gerd Seyffert © "Gerd Seyffert 2023"	20010	Not Applicable