2 Euro commemorative coins

2 Euro

C o m m e m o r a t i v e C o i n s

⇑ 2013 ⇑
2014
Image	Country		Date	Feature	Ref.	Volume
🔎		Luxembourg	06 Jan. 2014	175th anniversary of the independence of the Grand‐Duchy of Luxembourg 12th coin of the Grand-Ducal Dynasty series	20001 20002 20005	519,500	•
	Description : The commemorative coin dedicated to the 175th anniversary of Luxembourg's independence in 1839, based on a design concept by the Banque Centrale du Luxembourg - BCL (Luxembourg Central Bank), is divided into three parts: At the top right is an image of Grand Duke Henri. At the top left, the dates "1839" for the year of independence and "2014" as the year of issue as well as the country's name "LËTZEBUERG" (Luxembourg) are shown in three lines and in a vertical font arrangement, whereby the year of issue is flanked on the left a staff of Hermes the mint mark of the Dutch mint Koninklijke Nederlandse Munt in Utrecht and on the right by the sails of the three‐masted clipper Nederland the logo of mint master Maarten Brouwer. The occasion of issue "ONOFHÄNGEGKEET 175 Joër" (175 Years of Independence) is mentioned in two lines below.

🔎		Germany	06 Feb. 2014	Lower Saxony (St. Michael's church in Hildesheim) 9th coin in the Federal States series	20001 20002 20005	30,799,300	•
	Description : The motif shows the south‐east view of the church St. Michael in Hildesheim. The double‐choir basilica, built in 1010‐1033 in the Ottonian, pre‐Romanesque architectural style has double transepts above which are square towers, the transepts are flanked by two round, smaller stair towers. The entire building follows a geometric concept developed from squares of equal size, with the overlapping square as the basis for the design. St. Michael's Church was founded by the Benedictines and is now also a Lutheran church and has been a World Heritage Site since 1985. The year of issue "2014" is shown at the top of the motif and on the left of it the German mint mark (A = Staatliche Münze Berlin in Berlin, D = Bayerisches Hauptmünzamt in Munich, F = Staatliche Münzen Baden‐Württemberg in Stuttgart, G = Staatliche Münzen Baden‐Württemberg in Karlsruhe or J = Landesbetrieb Hamburgische Münze in Hamburg). At the bottom of the motif is the name of the federal state "NIEDERSACHSEN" (Lower Saxony) and below it the abbreviation "D" (for Deutschland / Germany). To the top right of the motif is the logo "Œ" the initials of the designer Erich Ott. ‐ ‐ Lower Saxony's coin motif was originally intended to be the New Town Hall in Hanover.

🔎		Spain	07 Feb. 2014	Works of Antoni Gaudi (Park Güell) 5th coin in the UNESCO World Heritage Sites series	20001 20002 20005	4,000,000	•
	Description : The commemorative coin designed by Alfonso Morales Muñoz is dedicated to the works of Antoni Gaudi (1852‐1926) in Barcelona, which were awarded World Heritage Site status in 1984 and 2005 respectively. In addition to the coin motif, the Salamander Fountain and the tower of the porter's lodge of Park Güell, created in 1900‐1914. In addition to these there are: Palau Güell, Casa Milà, Casa Vicens, Casa Batlló, the ‐ not yet completed ‐ Sagrada Familia and the crypt of Colònia Güell. Gaudi, representative of the Catalan variety of Art Nouveau, Modernism, developed a unique style of round, curved, organic‐looking forms using materials such as quarry stones and colourful ceramic tiles. On the top left of the motif is the country name "ESPAÑA" (Spain) and the issue date "2014", on the right side edge is the reason for this issue "PARK GÜELL ‐ GAUDI" and to the left of it the letter "M" adorned with a crown, the mint mark of the Spanish mint Real Casa de la Moneda in Madrid.

🔎		Italy	25 Mar. 2014	200th anniversari of the Carabinieri	20001 20002 20005	6,525,000	•
	Description : The coin, designed by Luciana De Simoni, depicts the bronze sculpture of two Carabinieri in the storm (Pattuglia di Carabinieri nella tormenta), created by Antonio Berti in 1973, with the then customary headgear, the tricorn. A large bronze statue based on this model now adorns the gardens of the Quirinal hill. The Carabinieri are Italy's gendarmerie. Formed in 1814 as a branch of the Piedmontese army of the Kingdom of Sardinia‐Piedmont, today they form an independent branch of the armed forces ‐ alongside the army, navy and air force ‐ comprising around 110,000 men and women. Organisationally, they belong to the Ministry of Defence, but like all police units, they are subordinate to the Ministry of the Interior. The commemorative "CARABINIERI" is written in a semicircle below, with "1814" as the founding year on the left and "2014" as the year of issue on the right. The ligature of the country name "RI" (Repubblica Italiana, Italian Republic) is depicted at the top right, and the "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome is shown at the top. Next to the boots of the Carabinieri appears the signet "LDS" of the medallist.

🔎		Slovakia	01 Apr. 2014	10th anniversary of the Slovak membership of the European Union	20001 20002 20005	1,000,000	•
	Description : The coin depicts a stylised "EÚ" with the Slovak national coat of arms (Byzantine double cross on a trimount) on the "Ú". Located around the outside is "10. VÝROČIE VSTUPU DO EURÓPSKEJ ÚNIE" (10th anniversary of accession to the European Union), the reason for issuing the coin. At the bottom is "SLOVENSKO" (Slovakia), and on the left of this is the mint mark "MK" between two embossing stamps of the Slovak mint Mincovňa Kremnica š.p. in Kremnica and to the right the abbreviated initials "MP" of the designer Mária Poldaufová. To the right of the design are the dates "1. 5. 2004" (date of membership) and "2014" (year of issue).

🔎		Portugal	23 Apr. 2014	40th anniversary of the Carnation Revolution	20001 20002 20005	520,000	•
	Description : According to José Teixeira's design, two arches form the stylised calyx of a carnation, which is considered the symbol of the freedom movement and gave its name to the revolution. On the 25th of April 1974, the revolution ended the decades‐long dictatorship of António Salazar and his successor Marcelo Caetano and paved the way for a democratic state culture. At the top, the name "PORTUGAL" is depicted below ‐ as in the coat of arms of Portugal ‐ the coat of arms shield on an armillary sphere. On the left and in the centre is the commemorative date "25 DE ABRIL" (April 25th). Below that, "40 ANOS" (40 years) and the year of issue "2014" are mentioned in three lines, and to the right of that "INCM" the mint mark of the Portuguese mint Imprensa Nacional‐ Casa da Moeda S.A. in Lisbon and the name of the designer "JOSÉ TEIXEIRA".

🔎		Belgium	12 May 2014	100th anniversary of the outbreak of the Great War	20001 20002 20005	1,712,000	•
	Description : In Flanders' Fields is one of the best‐known English‐language poems about the First World War. It was written on the 3rd of May 1915 by the Canadian Lieutenant Colonel John McCrae, whose friend had fallen at Ypres the previous day. The poem describes the fields of Flanders, where the red blossoming corn poppies remind us of the spilled blood of the fallen and yet nurture the hope that life goes on. It is not only in English‐speaking countries that the poppy blossom has since come to symbolise the memory of fallen soldiers, and so it adorns the coin dedicated to the centenary commemoration, which runs from 2014 to 2018 and was designed by Luc Luycx. At the top it reads "BELGIE‐BELGIQUE‐BELGIEN" (Belgium in Dutch, French and German), and at the bottom "2014‐18" "The Great War Centenary". At the bottom, next to a cat the logo of the mint master Bernard Gillard, is the helmeted head of the Archangel Michael the mint mark of the Royal Belgian mint Monnaie Royale de Belgique / Koninklijke Munt van België / Königliche Belgische Münzprägeanstalt in Brussels.

🔎		Netherlands	22 May 2014	The official farewell to the former Queen Beatrix	20001 20002 20004 20005	5,291,000	•
	Description : The second double portrait after the commemorative coin minted in 2013 to announce the change of throne was also designed by Pannos Goutzemisis. This coin shows King Willhelm‐Alexander, in the foreground looking to the right, in front of his mother and predecessor Beatrix. Around the outside of the motif are the names "WILLEM‐ALEXANDER KONING DER NEDERLANDEN" (Willem‐Alexander King of the Netherlands), a crown and "BEATRIX PRINSES DER NEDERLANDEN" (Beatrix Princess of the Netherlands). At the bottom of the motif is the date "2014" and to the left of it is the sails of the three‐mast clipper Nederland, the logo of the mint master Maarten Brouwer and on the right the staff of Hermes, the mint mark of the Royal Dutch mint Koninklijke Nederlandse Munt in Utrecht. The Royal Dutch Mint supplied 2000 sets in the proof production process version with coins where the crown is coloured white, red and blue (see picture).

🔎		Malta	03 Jun. 2014	Independence from Great Britain in 1964 4th coin of the Constitutional History series	20001 20002 20005	432,500	•
	Description : The commemorative coin commemorating the 50th anniversary of independence from Britain features the upper part of a bronze statue from the Malta Indipendenti Monument in Floriana: a woman carrying the flag of Malta, which contains the St George's Cross ‐ symbol of St George the Saint and martyr and of the Crusades ‐ awarded in 1942 to the entire population of Malta for their bravery during the Italian and German air raids in the Second World War. The left half of the flag is represented by perspective hatching with the tincture red, following the heraldic rules of tingling. The 8.5 m towering sculpture was created in 1989 by Ġanni Bonnici (1932‐2019), who is also the designer of the coin series on Malta's constitutional history. In a semicircle on the upper right hand side, the issuing country and occasion "MALTA ‐ Independence 1964" can be read, below is the year of issue "2014". The coin was minted without a mint mark by the Royal Dutch Mint Koninklijke Nederlandse Munt in Utrecht; specimens contained in commemorative coin sets bear their mint mark, a Hermes staff, between the 5 and 6 o'clock star.

🔎		France	11 Jun. 2014	70th anniversary of the D‐Day Landings (June 6th 1944)	20001 20002 20005	3,019,675	•
	Description : The lettering D‐DAY represents, stylised, a landing ship and a tank gun. On the 6th of June 1944, Operation Overlord began, opening a second front for the anti‐Hitler coalition. The landing of American, British, French, Canadian and Polish troops in Normandy went under the code name Operation Neptune. Below the inscription "70e ANNIVERSAIRE DU DÉBARQUEMENT" (70th anniversary of the Landings), are imprints of the soldiers' souls, blurred by a wave. The text "Les sanglots longs des violons de l'automne blessent mon coeur d'une langueur monotone" (The long sobs of the violins of autumn wound my heart with a monotonous melancholy) is the beginning of the poem Chanson d'automne by the French Symbolist lyricist Paul Verlaine (1844‐1896), written in 1866. The second verse of the poem served as code ("All choked and pale, when the hour strikes, I remember the former days, and I weep"), and is how the French Résistance was informed of the imminent start of the invasion in a Radio Londres broadcast. At the top of the coin are the years "1944‐2014", below "D" of D‐Day is the country abbreviation "RF" (République française, French Republic), at the bottom a cornucopia is the mint mark of the French mint Monnaie de Paris in Plessac and to the right of it a pentagon, the logo of the mint master and designer Yves Sampo.

🔎		Finland	16 Jun. 2014	100th birthday of Tove Jansson	20001 20002 20005	1,500,000	•
	Description : The commemorative coin designed by Jari Lepistö shows an ink self‐portrait of the Finnish‐Swedish writer and painter Tove Jansson, created around 1970. She became known in particular for her hippo‐like muin trolls. Below her two‐line signature "Tove Jansson" are her year of birth and death, "1914‐2001". At the top left is the country abbreviation "FI" (Finland), on the right the year of issue "2014" is shown vertically and above it a lion (the heraldic animal of Finland) the mint mark of the Finnish mint Suomen Rahapaja OY in Vantaa.

🔎		Italy	17 Jun. 2014	450th birthday of Galileo Galilei	20001 20002 20005	6,529,820	•
	Description : Galileo Galilei (1564‐1642) was an Italian polymath ‐ philosopher, mathematician, engineer, physicist, astronomer and cosmologist. He developed the method of exploring nature through a combination of experiments, measurements and mathematical analyses and thus became one of the most important founders of the modern exact natural sciences. Because he advocated the Copernican view of the world, the Catholic Church conducted an inquisition trial against him in 1632 and forced him to recant. The commemorative coin designed by Claudia Momoni shows Galileo next to his telescopes, built in 1609 and measuring 90 and 130 cm in length, today in the Museo Galileo in Florence. The model for the portrait is an oil painting created by Justus Sustermans in 1636, today in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence. At the top is written "GALILEO GALILEI", at the bottom the dates "1564★2014" indicate his year of birth and the year of issue. The ligature of the country name "RI" (Repubblica Italiana, Italian Republic) is shown on the left, on the right the "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome, below the initials "C.M." of the medallist.

🔎		San Marino	23 Jun. 2014	500th anniversary of the death of Donato Bramante	20001 20002 20005	114,000	•
	Description : The commemorative coin designed by Maria Carmela Colaneri for the 500th anniversary of Donato Bramante's death names the master builder born in 1444 in Monte Astrualdo near Urbino, 25 km south of San Marino, as Donato di Pascuccio d'Antonio, who went by the surname Bramante, as Bramante Lazzari delle Penne from San Marino. He is regarded as the founder of High Renaissance architecture and designed the new St. Peter's Basilica, which was begun in 1506 and whose construction was continued by Raphael after his death in 1514. The motif of the commemorative coin is the Renaissance chapel Tempietto di Bramante in Montorio and a portrait of Bramante published in 1837, an etching by J. Pofleswhites after a picture by A. d'Estrels. The circular inscription reads "BRAMANTE LAZZARI DELLE PENNE DI SAN MARINO". Next to the motif are the year of his death "1514", the year of issue "2014", below the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome and on the left the initials "MCC" of the designer.

🔎		Malta	16 Jul. 2014	200th anniversary of the Malta Police Force	20001 20002 20005	300,000	•
	Description : The commemorative coin, designed by Noel Galea Bason and minted without a mint mark at the Royal Dutch Mint Koninklijke Nederlandse Munt in Utrecht, shows the badge of the Maltese police, consisting of the Maltese cross behind a white‐red divided shield (the colour red is represented by hatching according to the heraldic rules of tingierung) analogous to the shield in the coat of arms of Malta (but without the George cross contained therein), a circularly represented belt with buckle and the inscription "PULICIA TA' MALTA" (Malta Police), a lily and the motto "DOMINE DERIGE NOS" (lat. "God guide us"). The Police Force of Malta is the police force of the Republic of Malta with a current staff of about 1900 people and is responsible for public order and security on the main island and the islands of Gozo and Comino. It was founded ‐ as one of the first police forces in Europe ‐ on the 12th of July 1814 by Sir Thomas Maitland, the first Governor of Malta called "King Tom" from 1813‐1824. The occasion of issue "200 YEARS ‐ MALTA POLICE FORCE" (200 years of Maltese police) and the dates "1814 ‐ 2014" are marked in a circle.

🔎		Latvia	12 Aug. 2014	Riga, European Capital of Culture 2014	20001 20002 20005	1,005,000	•
	Description : Riga's Old and New Towns have been World Heritage Sites since 1997. The coin designed by Henrihs Vorkals, whose plaster model Jānis Strupulis made, shows Riga Castle on the banks of the River Düna, the official residence of the Latvian president, for the Livonian Order of the citizens of the Hanseatic city (who had pulled down the castle built by the Brothers of the Sword in 1330‐1353 in 1484), which was forcibly built until 1515. In 1939 its three‐star tower (the third tower from the left in the motif), whose top is formed by the three stars symbolising the regions of Latvia, was added. Left background: tower of St. John's Church (Sv. Jana baznīca), built around 1500, next to it the Cathedral of St. James (Svētā Jēkaba katedrāle), first mentioned in a document in 1225, with an octagonal spire redesigned in baroque style in 1756. Centre: St. Peter's Church (Svētā Pētera baznīca), built around 1200 in brick Gothic style and rebuilt after a town fire in 1721. Right: Riga Cathedral (Rīgas Doms), the main church of the city, built 1211‐1270, with a tower rebuilt in the Baroque style after a fire in 1776. At the top is a semi‐circle the occasion of issue "EIROPAS KULTŪRAS GALVASPILSĒTA" (European Capital of Culture), below is "RIGA ‐ 2014" and the country code "LV". The coin was produced by the German mint Staatliche Münzen Baden‐Württemberg in Stuttgart.

🔎		Belgium	18 Sep. 2014	150th anniversary of the Belgium Red Cross	20001 20002 20005	287,500	•
	Description : Henry Dunant, a Swiss businessman, witnessed the Battle of Solferino on the 24th of June 1859, during which some 6,000 soldiers were killed and 25,000 wounded in a single day. The totally inadequate medical care for the wounded so horrified him that he devoted himself to organising relief efforts. His memoirs, published in book form in 1862, led to the founding of the "Committee of Relief Societies for the Care of the Wounded" in 1863, which has been called the "International Committee of the Red Cross" since 1876. On the 4th of February 1864, a Relief Committee for Wounded Soldiers was founded in Brussels, and on the 22nd of August 1864, Belgium and 12 other states signed the first Geneva Convention, which enshrined in international law the protective provisions suggested by Henry Dunant. In the shape of a cross around the number "150" is written "CROIX ROUGE" and "RODE KRUIS" (Red Cross in French and Dutch respectively). At the bottom left is the country abbreviation "BE" (Belgium), at the right the year of issue "2014", at the top left the helmeted head of the Archangel Michael the mint mark of the Royal Belgian mint Monnaie Royale de Belgique / Koninklijke Munt van België / Königliche Belgische Münzprägeanstalt in Brussels, and at the right a cat the logo of the mint master Bernard Gillard's. There are specimens of the coin designed by Luc Luycx that show the Roman mint's () or the Dutch version (GOD ⋆ ZIJ ⋆ MET ⋆ ONS ⋆) instead of the normal Belgian edge inscription ().

🔎		Greece	24 Sep. 2014	400th anniversary of the death of Dominikos Theotokópoulos	20001 20002 20005	750,000	•
	Description : The commemorative coin designed by Georgios Stamatopoulos is dedicated to Dominikos Theotokópoulos (1541‐1614), known as El Greco, the painter, sculptor and architect from Crete (then part of the Republic of Venice). Trained as an icon‐painter of Byzantine tradition, he came into contact with Titian's High Renaissance art in Venice in 1567, opened his own workshop in Rome in 1572 and went to Toledo in 1576, where he became an exponent of Spanish Mannerism. On the right side is the self‐portrait of El Greco from 1604 (oil on linen, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York), which is called Portrait of a man. On the left side is the portrait of the apostle Paul, painted about 1612, in the folds of which the designer's signet "ΣΤΑΜ" appears at the bottom. At the top left is "ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ" (Hellenic Republic), next to it "2014". Underneath is the signature of El Greco, at the top right a palmette the mint mark of the Greek mint Νομισματοκοπειο / Nomismatokopeio (Bank of Greece ‐ Mint) in Halandri. Below are the names and dates of El Greco's life: "ΔΟΜΗΝΙΚΟΣ ΘΕΟΤΟΚΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ 1541‐1614" (Dominikos Theotokópoulos 1541‐1614).

🔎		Greece	24 Sep. 2014	150th anniversary of the Union of the Ionian Islands with Greece	20001 20002 20005	750,000	•
	Description : The Ionian Islands, after six centuries under the rule of the Republic of Venice, formed the Republic of the Seven Islands in 1800 under Ottoman sovereignty. In 1803, Greek became the official language instead of Italian. The British protectorate of the United States of the Ionian Islands, established in 1815, became the administrative region of the Ionian Islands in 1864 and was united with the Greek state, which had been independent since 1830. According to the coin designer Maria Andonatou, whose signet is an "M" in the lower left‐hand circle, the seven‐pointed star symbolises the "Ionian dimension" (Ιονια Διασταση) of the seven islands (Επτανησα/Eptanisa), which produced and inspired important musicians, poets, painters and politicians. In clockwise direction, starting at the top, the symbols show Corfu: "Απηδαλος Ναυς" (ancient Greek: apēdalos naus), a monere, an ancient rowing ship with a square sail, mythical, thought‐directed rudderless ship of the Phaiaken from Scheria, to which the Corfiotes trace back (in the coat of arms of Corfu, however, they are depicted as normal moneres) — Zakynthos: tribrach according to an ancient coin of Acarnania, symbol of Apollo, as a reference to the cult of Apollo which is widespread here — Ithaca: mythical home of Odysseus, depicted with a felt hat Pilos — Paxos: trident of Poseidon, with which, according to myth, Paxos separated Paxos from Corfu to be undisturbed with his beloved Amphitrite — Kythira: Aphrodite, according to the myth, rose from the sea there, depicted on a scallop — Lefkada: "Απολλωνια Αρπα" (Apollo's lyre) as a symbol of the great musical traditions of the island — Kefalonia: Kephalos, son of Hermes, mythical figure and eponym of the island. The motif on the coin is framed by an antique meandering ornament known as a running dog, which is reminiscent of rolling waves. At the centre is "150 ΧΡΟΝΙΑ ΑΠΟ ΤΗΝ ΕΝΩΣΗ ΤΩΝ ΕΠΤΑΝΗΣΩΝ ΜΕ ΤΗΝ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ 1864‐2014" (150 years of union of the Seven Islands with Greece 1864‐2014) and "ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ" (Hellenic Republic). Underneath is a palmette the mint mark of the Greek mint Νομισματοκοπειο / Nomismatokopeio (Bank of Greece ‐ Mint) in Halandri.

🔎		San Marino	29 Sep. 2014	90th anniversary of the death of Giacomo Puccini	20001 20002 20005	100,000	•
	Description : Giacomo Puccini (1858‐1924) was an Italian composer of the Verism period. The most famous of his twelve operas are Manon Lescaut, La Bohème, Tosca, Madama Butterfly. He made a glittering debut at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City in 1910 with the premiere of La fanciulla del West (The Girl from the Golden West)(with Arturo Toscanini conducting and Enrico Caruso singing). His opera Turandot remained unfinished. The coin, designed by Uliana Pernazza from a portrait photographed in 1900, shows the composer's name "G. PUCCINI" on the left, the letter "R" the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome, the year of issue "2014" at the bottom, the country of issue "SAN MARINO" on the right and the ligature "UP" of the designer's initials below.

🔎		Vatican City	14 Oct. 2014	25th anniversary of the collapse of the Berlin Wall	20001 20002 20005	103,000	•
	Description : The central motif depicts the Brandenburg Gate crowned by Victoria (goddess of victory) riding in a quadriga bringing peace to the city. In front are stones from "the wall" behind which is bared wire symbolising oppression and confinement together with an olive branch symbolising peace. Inscribed on the stones from the wall are the reason for commemoration "XXV ANNIVERSARIO DEL CROLLO DEL MURO DI BERLINO" (25th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall). On the right of the motif is the date "1989" marking the fall of the Berlin wall and "2014" the year the coin was issued. At the top of the motif is "CITTÀ DEL VATICANO" (Vatican City), and at the bottom is the initial "R", the mint mark of the Italian mint Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome. The logos "G. TITOTTO" of the designer Gabriella Titotto and "C.M.INC." (INC. = Incisore / Engraver) of the engraver Claudia Momoni appear on the left.

🔎		Portugal	31 Oct. 2014	International Year of Family Farming	20001 20002 20005	520,000	•
	Description : The coin designed by Helder Batista is dedicated to the International Year of Family Farming (IYFF 2014). In addition to agricultural tools such as shovels, hoes and rakes, the coin depicts sheaves leaning against each other to dry the grain, a strelitzia flowering in southern Africa, a stylised chicken (presumably a helmeted guinea fowl called galinha‐d'angol in Portuguese) and potatoes and pumpkins in front of it. The issue occasion "AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR" (family agriculture), "PORTUGAL 2014" and "INCM‐H.BATISTA" the mint mark of the Portuguese mint Imprensa Nacional‐ Casa da Moeda S.A. in Lisbon and the designer's signet are depicted in a circle.

🔎		Luxembourg	06 Nov. 2014	50th anniversary of Grand Duke Jean's accession to the throne 13th coin of the Grand-Ducal Dynasty series	20001 20002 20005	512,000	•
	Description : The coin, minted to commemorate Grand Duke Jean's 1964 accession to the throne, shows his half‐portrait and that of his son, the reigning Grand Duke Henri, beneath the crown of Luxembourg depicted in stylised form with the imperial orb. The upper rim of the pill bears in a circle the inscription "50e ANNIVERSAIRE DE L'ACCESSION AU TRÔNE DU GRAND‐DUC JEAN" (50th anniversary of the accession to the throne by Grand Duke Jean). The coin, based on a design concept of the Banque Centrale du Luxembourg - BCL (Luxembourg Central Bank), mentions above Jean's portrait the year "1964" of his accession to the throne, and below the portraits the names "Jean" and "Henri". The year of issue "2014" shown below is flanked on the right by a staff of Hermes the mint mark of the Dutch mint Koninklijke Nederlandse Munt in Utrecht and on the left by the sails of the three‐masted clipper Nederland the logo of mint master Maarten Brouwer. Luxembourg as the issuing country is not shown on the coin.

🔎		Finland	10 Nov. 2014	100th birthday of Ilmari Tapiovaara	20001 20002 20005	1,000,000	•
	Description : Ilmari Tapiovaara (1914‐1999), Finnish interior architect and designer, worked in the offices of Alvar Aalto in London and Le Corbusier in Paris, among others ‐ his students in turn included Eero Aarnio. As a visiting professor at the Illinois Institute of Technology, Tapiovaara also had lively contact with Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. He had a penchant for developing seating furniture that could be dismantled or stacked. In 1971 he received the Finnish State Prize for Design. The coin, designed by Harri Koskinen, states the name of the jubilarian "ILMARI TAPIOVAARA" and his life data "1914 ‐ 1999" in the form of a circle and shows a detail of a chair characteristic of his designs. On the right, the year of issue "2014", the country abbreviation "FI" (Finland) and a lion (the heraldic animal of Finland) are depicted the mint mark of the Finnish mint Suomen Rahapaja OY in Vantaa.

🔎		Slovenia	17 Nov. 2014	600th anniversary of the Coronation of Barbara of Celje	20001 20002 20005	1,000,000	•
	Description : On the 8th of November 1414, Sigismund of Luxembourg and Barbara of Cilli were crowned royal couple of the Holy Roman Empire in Aachen. Barbara had been Queen of Hungary and Croatia since 1408. In 1408 the royal couple founded the Order of the Dragon, modelled on the Order of St. George. Until 1415, Barbara took part in the Council of Constance alongside Sigismund and in 1429 in the Congress of Lucerne. In 1433 she became Roman‐German Empress, and in 1437 ‐ shortly before Sigismund's death ‐ Queen of Bohemia. Beside her great political influence (1412‐1418 she served as governor of her husband in Hungary several times) she also had a reputation as an astrologer and alchemist. In 1451 she died of the plague in Bohemian Mělnik and was buried in the princely crypt in St Vitus Cathedral in Prague (Sigismund rests in the cathedral church in Oradea). Barbara Celjska (as her Slovenian name is) is represented by hatching with a cross of paws on her head, a sceptre and the three six‐pointed stars of the Counts of Cilli, which originally came from the coat of arms of the Counts of Heunburg and now adorn the coat of arms of Slovenia. The name of the issuing state "SLOVENIJA" (Slovenia) is ‐ diagonally ascending ‐ on the left, their name "BARBARA CELJSKA" and the dates "1414‐2014" are on the right. The coin was designed by Primož Fijavž, Boštjan Botas Kenda and Peter Rauch and minted without a mintmark by the Royal Dutch Mint Koninklijke Nederlandse Munt in Utrecht.

🔎		France	24 Nov. 2014	World‐AIDS‐Day	20001 20002 20005	3,020,000	•
	Description : World AIDS Day is celebrated on the 1st of December each year. The Red Ribbon in the shape of the untwisted letter "V" is a symbol of the fight against AIDS was created by the artist group Visual Aids Artists Causus and the American painter Frank Moore. It is worn where the heart is on the body and symbolises solidarity with all AIDS patients. On the day the disease is finally conquered, the ribbon is to be turned around to represent "V" for "Victory". On the standard minting the ribbon is highlighted by vertical hatching with the red tincture (following the heraldic rules of tinting). On the 10,000 copies of both the die-bright and the proof mint, the ribbon has an embossed flat surface and is coloured red (see picture). At the top of the motif is the commemorative day "1er DÉCEMBRE" (1st of December), on the ribbons are the words "JOURNÉE MONDIAL CONTRE LA SIDA" (World AIDS Day) and at the bottom the country abbreviation "RF" (République française, French Republic) and the year of issue "2014". To th bottom on the left is a cornucopia the mint mark of the French mint Monnaie de Paris in Plessac, a pentagon the logo of mint master Yves Sampo is shown on the right. The coin was designed by the Atelier de Gravures de la Monnaie de Paris (The Engraving and Tooling Workshop Paris).

🔎		Spain	10 Dec. 2014	King Felipe VI's accession to the thone	20001 20002 20005	8,132,500	•
	Description : On the 19th of June 2014, Felipe VI of the House of Bourbon‐Anjou became King of Spain, succeeding his father Juan Carlos I, who abdicated. The coin's motif, designed by Alfonso Morales Muñoz, shows a portrait of the king in the foreground and of his predecessor in the background, slightly modified from the illustration in the Official Journal. At the bottom of the motif is "ESPAÑA‐2014" (Spain‐2014) and on the right the letter "M" adorned with a crown, the mint mark of the Spanish mint Real Casa de la Moneda in Madrid.

🔎		Andorra	29 Feb. 2016	20th anniversary of Membership to the Council of Europe	20001 20002 20005	105,000	•
	Description : Italian coin designer Orietta Rossi designed the first Andorran €2 commemorative coin celebrating Andorra's 20 years of membership of the Council of Europe. The coin shows the coat of arms of Andorra with the Latin motto "VIRTVS VNITA FORTIOR" (Virtus unita fortior, United Virtue is stronger). Shown on the coat of arms is the mitre and crosier of the Bishop of Urgell, Prince of Andorra together with three stakes taken from of the coat of arms of Foix and four of Catalonia respectively, there are also the two cows taken from the flag of the Counts of Béarn. At the top of the coin is "ANDORRA AL CONSELL D'EUROPA" (Andorra member of the Council of Europe), next to the coat of arms is the number "20" which has the twelve European stars within the zero, and below it the year of issue "2014". Andorran coins are minted alternately in the countries of the Princes of Andorra, in 2014 it was the turn of the Royal Mint Real Casa de la Moneda in Madrid. Due to organisational problems the coin could not be issued until 2016.

⇓ 2015 ⇓

References :
20001	Images taken with authorisation by the ECB - Mail dated 20.Feb.2020 © "European Central Bank"	20002	Data mirrored from Wikipedia Page "2_euro_commemorative_coins" with friendly support of the guardians of that page.
20003	Not Applicable	20004	Coloured version of this Commemorative Coin in circulation EU-legal-technical specifications do not recongnise colour prints, but the EU is tolerate them, due to the facts that their numbers are very small and that they are sold in special packs and therefor are very unlikely to be used as currency.
20005	enlarged Images taken with authorisation by Gerd Seyffert © "Gerd Seyffert 2021"	20006	Not Applicable